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Pasture Productivity Changes In Mongolia
Erdenetuya Magsar,
Remote Sensing specialist
National Remote Sensing Center, Namhem
Juulchny Str – 5, Meteorological Bldg.
Ulaanbaatar 210646, Mongolia
Tel: 976-11-329984(o), 976-99140523(mobile),
Fax: 976-11-329968
E-mail: m_erdenetuya@yahoo.com
Abstract
In this paper included some results of long term NOAA/NDVI data analysis over Mongolian pastureland.
Mongolia, with its nomadic animal husbandry or livestock farming is one of the most dependent countries on nature and climate condition. Today the number of livestock reached 26 millions a head and the pastureland occupies more than 80 per cent of the territory, which is main source for animal grazing for whole year, as forage. There are 2600 species, but only about 600 species eaten by livestock. Some research showed that the total pasture capacity of the country is 50 to 60 million sheep unit. Today, the current total livestock reached to 72 million sheep unit and pasture area reduced by 5 – 6 millions ha because of urbanization, mining industries, and tourism.
Plant productivity of the Mongolian arid and semi arid pasture has high variability as precipitation. Mean of peak standing biomass varies from 100 to 1000 kg/ha, decrease from the North to the South.
Geographical position and associated climatic influences can be a negative environmental condition that affects sustainable use of land resources, especially pastoral livestock production. Pasture vegetation cover is changing accordingly with both of global climate changes and anthropogenic effects or human impacts. In this study have used 10 day composite NOAA/NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) 8 km resolution data from 1982 to 2001, provided from NOAA/NASA Pathfinder data set.
The main goal of this work was the estimating of vegetation cover changes within 20 years and integrating with ground measurement of vegetation biomass data.
The results of time series analysis of long term NDVI data with both of measured and simulated biomass data was giving a decreasing trends over all natural zones and all provinces differently.
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