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Overview | Earthquake | Drought | Fire | Flood & Cyclones | Landslide& Soil Erosion | Volcano
The Role of Spatial Information Technology (SIT) & Conventional Techniques in Participatory Natural Resource Management
in drought prone areas of Warangal district in
Andhra Pradesh
2.4 Advantages of Conventional Planning Over Sit:
Because of the present resolution and the delay in
implementation the data available can only be finally used at a sub-watershed
level where planning is only tentative. This is evident from the above figures 2
& 2.1 comparative change in landuses. Apart from the change in drainage
coarses can also be mapped at the first order level where in these cann’t be
visible and changed can be integrated in the finalization of maps. Conventional
way of collection of data with reference to a point for location of wells using
the base maps etc could help in monitoring the watershed activities.
2.5 Use of GIS for monitroing activities / watersheds:
As the watersheds period is of four years it requires
frequent monitoring for the changes in the dynamics of land utilisation and its
productivity and other impacts. Geographical information systems (GIS) is a
science of spatial information based on convergence of the technological fields
and conventional disciplines. It acts as a inventory tool, analysis tool, and
management tool. It essentially helps in transformation of the discrete raw data
via overlays into information for decision making process ( I.V. Muralikrishna
1993) . The need for the integratation of thematic layers on to a Cadestral
level was done by merging thematic maps and the cadestral maps which were
digitized and brought to a common scale. The attachment of data to diiferent
level is being done the Socio economic data to a village and activity details
or production details to a survey number is also being done for monitoring and
the map with water with observation wells is shown in Fig.4.
2.6 Water and Waterlevels:
The inventory revealed nearly 643 open wells/ dugcum bore wells/ open wells and out of this nearly 72
observation wells were established in Linghal Ghnapur there are nearly 214 wells
and around 38 observation wells were established and the change in water level
is 25 cm to 50cms during ( 1998- 1999), the maps showing the water level as
below:
2.7 Constraints:
- It is agreed that the use of SIT in the integrated watershed
development program has potential benefits, particularly in drought prone
areas where soil and water conservation measures are fundamental to
agricultural production but the following points needs to be
focussed:
- The participation of the people living in the area will be
very less if SIT is used as a decision making tool, but it should be used as a
decision supporting tool where in people's opinion can be given
preference.
- The recommendations emerged from participatory planning using
RS data as guiding tool cann’t be considered in the treatment plan already
prepared because such changes are dynamic and it requires a program with
continuous iterations.
- The user groups and watershed committee jointly prepare
watershed development plans for a program of activities that suit their
agro-climatic conditions for each watershed based on their skills and they
require technical support so a combination of packages or an integrated
package is required in GIS environment which can help them get the user plans
/ estimates etc.
Conclusions:
- Utilisation of High resolution satellite data at higher scale
would be more effective in planning at a micro-level but for planning a
structure, integration of field data is inevitable.
- Merging of cadestral maps to a toposheet or thematic maps is
problematic as lack of control points or bench marks.
- The time gap from prioritization of watershed to
implementation is long the changes would effect in changing of action
plan.
- GIS is very helpful in monitoring the changes over the time
period and in knowing the work progress on a cadestral level or survey number
basis.
References:
- Census of India (1991), District Census handbook, Warangal,
Director of Census Operations, Andhra Pradesh.
- IMSD, Technical Guidelines (1995), National Remote Sensing
Agency, Department of Space, Government of India, Hyderabad.
- I.V. Murali Krishna (1993),GIS for environmental Planning.
Journal of Remote sensing.
- Rao, D. P. ( 1993), GIS application under IMSD project and
other themes, training course on GIS for other themes, Resource Management
development planning Vol.II, Space Applications Centre(SAC), Ahemedabad,
- Simon Croxton,(1999),Central funding for local decisions:
Watersheds in India, Apppriate Technologies, Vol 25 No.4 June 1999.
- Watershed Atlas of India(1988), published by AIS&LUS,
Dept. of Agriculture and cooperation, Govt.Of India,
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