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Traffic Jams Analysis Using: Case study Khartoum, Sudan


Nafisa Khider Mohamed Elkajam
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang
Selangor, Malaysia
Email: nafisaelkajam@yahoo.com

Noordin Ahmad
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang
Selangor, Malaysia
Email: noordin.ahmad@gmail.com

Hassan Saad Mohammed Hilmi
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang
Selangor, Malaysia
Email: hilmi_aau@hotmail.com

Alzaiem Alazhari
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang
Selangor, Malaysia


Babikir Ahmed Mobarak
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang
Selangor, Malaysia
Email: babikirmobarak@yahoo.com


ABSTRACT
Transportation is one of the most important components of the physical and economic development of a country. It gets a lot of affective all around the world and it had been planned and developed to cope with the civil development. Daily the number of vehicles on the roads is steadily increasing where as the land available for building new road are limited. The road is designed on the basis of the traffic volume prediction. Since the influence factors of the traffic volume prediction are indeterminate it leads to great discrepancy between traffic prediction and the actual number of people. This paper intend to present a study in the central of Khartoum – capital of the Sudan, were most of the public services are found, with bad traffic jam especially during the day time. Using the Geographic Information System to analyze the data improvement to the routing and instituting policies will minimize the traffic jams in Khartoum state.

1. INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIBTION OF THE STUDAY AREA
The transportation with its branches: the public and the private sectors, is one of the most important component of the development and the economy of the country. For this importance, it get a lot of concern all around the world and it had been developed and updated to cope with the rural and civil development.

Khartoum state is the most developed state in SUDAN and it is the capital of the country. It has three main cities (Omdurman, Khartoum North and Khartoum). With the most updated technologies applied in Khartoum, it is attractive for the public and most of the peoples from other states prefer to live in it, which makes a lot of city extensions. This result in deterioration in the services and the big effect appear in the transportation sector which affect all the social and cultural activities. Also the increases in the population with 15.5% as stated in last population statistics in 2003 made a tremendous need for transportation services which are:-

  1. More demand for both the private and public transportation
  2. Increase the commercial and industrial activities in the state of Khartoum, and
  3. The need for more education, all good schools and universities are placed in Khartoum, which leads to increase in the number of schools, universities and other collogues. All these aspects leads to bad traffic jam especially during the day time.
Also there are so many reasons for the traffic jam which are:-

  1. The main air port is located in Khartoum which makes it as a collection point for the people from other states.
  2. The roads still the old ones; it is not updated to meet the huge increase in the number of vehicles.
  3. Lack of fly over and very rare entrance and exits
  4. Lack of parking areas in the big buildings which lead the drivers to park in the roads, and
  5. The location of the main public transportation stations in the center of the state.

Figure (1)Khartoum (capital of the SUDAN)



Figure (2)Khartoum state (consist of three main cities).


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